This refers to the speed at which a projectile weighing 180 grains, fired from a .30-06 Springfield cartridge, leaves the barrel of the firearm. It’s a key ballistic metric influencing a bullet’s trajectory, energy, and ultimately, its effectiveness on target. For instance, a higher speed generally translates to a flatter trajectory and greater energy downrange.
Understanding this measurement is crucial for accurate long-range shooting. Hunters and target shooters rely on this data to predict bullet drop and wind drift, allowing them to make precise adjustments for different ranges and environmental conditions. Historically, advancements in propellant technology and bullet design have sought to optimize this velocity, leading to improved performance in hunting and other shooting disciplines.