Law enforcement agencies utilize various smoothbore firearms for breaching, less-lethal munitions deployment, and close-quarters situations. These firearms are typically pump-action or semi-automatic, chosen for their reliability and effectiveness in diverse scenarios. Common gauges include 12-gauge, offering substantial stopping power, and 20-gauge, providing a balance between power and reduced recoil.
The selection of a specific type often depends on departmental policy, individual officer training, and the specific operational needs of the agency. Historically, these firearms have played a crucial role in law enforcement, evolving from early riot control tools to specialized instruments for modern tactical applications. Their versatility allows officers to address a range of threats, from neutralizing active threats to controlling unruly crowds.