Jerky’s resistance to spoilage without refrigeration results from a combination of factors: low water activity, high salt content, and the drying process itself. The removal of moisture inhibits microbial growth, as bacteria and molds require water to thrive. The high salt concentration further dehydrates any remaining microorganisms through osmosis, creating an environment hostile to their survival. The drying process, often combined with smoking or curing, also contributes to preservation by denaturing proteins and further reducing water activity.
This preservation method offers significant advantages. Historically, it allowed for the long-term storage of meat without access to cooling technologies, proving crucial for sustenance during travel and in times of scarcity. Today, these qualities make jerky a convenient and portable food source ideal for outdoor activities, emergencies, and everyday snacking. Its extended shelf life minimizes food waste and allows for easy storage and transport.