A projectile’s trajectory is influenced by gravity, resulting in a downward curve over distance. This downward deviation from a straight line of travel is often measured in inches or centimeters. For instance, a measurement indicating a descent of 45 inches signifies that the projectile will impact approximately 45 inches below the point of aim at a specific range, commonly 100 yards. Understanding this principle is fundamental to accurate shooting.
Accurate estimation of this vertical deviation is crucial for long-range shooting precision. Compensating for this drop allows shooters to hit intended targets at extended distances. This knowledge has been essential for military and hunting applications for centuries, evolving alongside firearm and ammunition technology. Its importance extends to competitive shooting disciplines where accuracy is paramount.