The 7.62x39mm cartridge is the standard ammunition for the AK-47 and many related rifle platforms. This intermediate cartridge bridges the gap between pistol and full-sized rifle rounds, offering a balance of power, controllability, and portability. Variations exist, such as the 5.45x39mm used in the AK-74 and other modernized variants, each with its own ballistic characteristics.
The selection of this intermediate cartridge played a significant role in the widespread adoption and effectiveness of the AK platform. Its manageable recoil allowed for effective automatic fire, while its relatively compact size enabled soldiers to carry more ammunition. This choice reflected the evolving doctrines of warfare in the mid-20th century, emphasizing mobility and sustained firepower. Understanding the chosen ammunition provides insight into the design philosophy and historical context of these firearms.