The compatibility of components between the Mossberg 500 and 590 shotgun platforms is a frequent topic of discussion among firearm enthusiasts. While these two models share a common ancestor and exhibit visual similarities, assuming complete parts interchangeability can lead to malfunctions or damage. Some components, such as barrels and furniture, often interchange readily, while others, including internal parts like trigger assemblies and safety mechanisms, might require modifications or be entirely incompatible. Understanding the nuances of these differences is crucial for safe and reliable operation.
Component compatibility between these platforms offers potential advantages for owners. A broader selection of aftermarket parts and accessories can enhance customization options and potentially reduce repair costs. However, the historical evolution of these models, with the 590 developed as a more robust military and law enforcement variant, has introduced specific design changes that impact interchangeability. Careful research and consultation with knowledgeable resources are recommended before attempting any part swaps.
This exploration will delve into the specifics of compatibility between the Mossberg 500 and 590, examining categories of components like barrels, stocks, receivers, and internal mechanisms. It will also address common misconceptions and provide practical guidance for determining whether specific parts can be safely and effectively interchanged.
1. Barrel Compatibility
Barrel interchangeability is a central consideration when assessing component compatibility between the Mossberg 500 and 590 shotguns. While these platforms share similarities, critical differences can impact barrel fit and function. A clear understanding of these factors is essential for safe and reliable operation.
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Barrel Length and Gauge
Both the 500 and 590 accommodate various barrel lengths and gauges. However, ensuring proper gauge matching is paramount for safety. Attempting to fire a shell of the incorrect gauge can result in catastrophic failure. While length typically does not affect interchangeability, it impacts handling and intended application.
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Magazine Tube Length
The 590’s fixed magazine tube presents a potential compatibility issue. Barrels designed for the 500’s removable magazine tube may not fit correctly on a 590. Conversely, 590 barrels may not function with the 500’s magazine system. Careful attention to magazine tube configuration is vital when considering barrel swaps.
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Sights and Accessories
Differences in sight configurations between the 500 and 590 can influence barrel compatibility. For example, a barrel with integral sights designed for a 500 may not align correctly on a 590. Similarly, accessory mounts and attachment points may not be universally compatible.
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Model Variations
Within both the 500 and 590 families, specialized variations exist with unique barrel requirements. Marinecote finishes, for example, may introduce subtle dimensional changes affecting compatibility. Special purpose barrels, such as those designed for breaching or less-lethal munitions, may also have specific compatibility limitations.
Therefore, while some barrels may interchange directly between the 500 and 590, assuming universal compatibility is incorrect. Scrutinizing barrel specifications against the intended host firearm is crucial. Consulting manufacturer documentation or a qualified gunsmith is always recommended before attempting barrel swaps to ensure safe and reliable operation.
2. Magazine Tube Differences
Magazine tube discrepancies represent a significant factor affecting parts interchangeability between the Mossberg 500 and 590 shotguns. These differences influence not only magazine capacity but also barrel compatibility and overall firearm functionality. A clear understanding of these distinctions is crucial for anyone considering component swaps between these platforms.
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Tube Capacity and Configuration
The Mossberg 500 typically features a removable magazine tube, allowing for easy capacity changes and cleaning. The 590, however, often utilizes a fixed magazine tube, generally offering a higher standard capacity but limiting flexibility for modifications. This fundamental difference significantly impacts parts interchangeability, as barrels and other components designed for one system may not function correctly with the other.
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Barrel Attachment Method
The magazine tube’s configuration directly influences how the barrel attaches to the receiver. The 500’s removable magazine tube typically involves a retaining nut system, while the 590’s fixed tube often incorporates a different attachment method. This variation creates compatibility issues, as a barrel designed for a 500 may not securely attach to a 590 and vice-versa.
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Forend Compatibility
The forend, or pump, must interface correctly with the magazine tube for proper operation. Differences in tube length and diameter between the 500 and 590 can lead to compatibility problems. A 500 forend may not fit securely on a 590 magazine tube, hindering pump action and potentially causing malfunctions.
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Aftermarket Modifications
The availability of aftermarket magazine tubes and extensions further complicates interchangeability considerations. While some aftermarket components might offer cross-compatibility, many are model-specific. Installing incorrect or incompatible parts can lead to functional issues and safety hazards.
In summary, magazine tube disparities between the Mossberg 500 and 590 significantly impact parts interchangeability. Careful attention to these differences is paramount when considering component swaps. Attempting to use incompatible parts can lead to malfunctions, reduced reliability, and potentially dangerous situations. Consulting manufacturer documentation or a qualified gunsmith is always advised before modifying these firearms.
3. Trigger Group Variations
Trigger group variations play a crucial role in determining parts interchangeability between the Mossberg 500 and 590 shotguns. While these platforms share similarities, trigger assemblies can have subtle yet significant differences affecting functionality and safety. Careful examination of these variations is essential before attempting component swaps.
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Safety Mechanism Location
A key difference lies in the location of the safety mechanism. The Mossberg 500 typically features a top-tang safety, while some 590 models, particularly those designed for military or law enforcement use, incorporate a trigger guard-mounted safety. This difference impacts interchangeability, as a trigger group designed for one safety location may not function correctly in a receiver designed for the other.
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Internal Component Dimensions
Even within seemingly compatible trigger groups, subtle dimensional variations in internal components can exist between the 500 and 590. These variations can affect trigger pull, sear engagement, and overall reliability. Installing a trigger group with incorrect internal dimensions can lead to malfunctions, including accidental discharges.
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Model-Specific Features
Certain 500 and 590 models incorporate specialized trigger group features. For example, some models might feature ambidextrous safeties or different trigger pull weights. These model-specific features further complicate interchangeability, as components designed for one variation may not function correctly in another.
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Aftermarket Trigger Groups
The availability of aftermarket trigger groups adds another layer of complexity to interchangeability considerations. While some aftermarket trigger assemblies might claim cross-compatibility, ensuring proper fit and function is crucial. Installing an incompatible aftermarket trigger group can compromise safety and reliability.
Therefore, while some trigger group components might interchange between the Mossberg 500 and 590, assuming universal compatibility is incorrect and potentially dangerous. Careful examination of trigger group specifications and consultation with manufacturer documentation or a qualified gunsmith is vital before attempting any modifications. Ignoring these variations can lead to malfunctions, decreased reliability, and potentially hazardous situations.
4. Safety Mechanism Nuances
Safety mechanism nuances represent critical considerations when assessing parts interchangeability between Mossberg 500 and 590 shotguns. Seemingly minor variations in safety design and function can significantly impact firearm safety and overall operability. Careful attention to these nuances is paramount to ensure reliable and safe firearm performance.
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Safety Location and Design
A primary distinction lies in the safety’s location. The 500 typically features a top-tang safety, while some 590 models, especially those intended for military or law enforcement applications, utilize a trigger guard-mounted safety. This fundamental difference directly affects interchangeability. A safety mechanism designed for one location may not function correctly or even fit within a receiver designed for the other. Furthermore, even within the same location type, design variations exist that can impact compatibility.
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Internal Component Interaction
Safety mechanisms involve intricate internal components that interact with other trigger group parts. Variations in these components between the 500 and 590 can lead to compatibility issues. For example, a 500 safety’s internal linkage might not engage correctly with a 590 trigger group, potentially leading to accidental discharges or rendering the safety ineffective. Even seemingly minor dimensional differences can have significant consequences.
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Detent and Spring Variations
Detents and springs within the safety mechanism play a crucial role in its positive engagement and disengagement. Differences in detent size, spring tension, or overall design between the 500 and 590 can impact safety function. A safety might not engage securely or may become difficult to disengage if incompatible components are used. This can create unsafe conditions and render the firearm unreliable.
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Aftermarket Safety Mechanisms
Aftermarket safety mechanisms introduce another layer of complexity. While some aftermarket safeties might claim cross-compatibility, careful verification is essential. An improperly fitted or incompatible aftermarket safety can compromise firearm safety and create potentially dangerous situations. Thorough research and consultation with qualified gunsmiths are strongly recommended before installing aftermarket safety components.
In conclusion, safety mechanism nuances are critical factors influencing parts interchangeability between the Mossberg 500 and 590. Overlooking these seemingly minor details can have serious consequences, affecting firearm safety and reliability. Careful examination of safety mechanism specifications and consultation with knowledgeable resources are essential before attempting any modifications or component swaps. Prioritizing safety and understanding the potential risks associated with incompatible parts are paramount for responsible firearm ownership and operation.
Frequently Asked Questions about Mossberg 500 and 590 Parts Interchangeability
This section addresses common inquiries regarding component compatibility between the Mossberg 500 and 590 shotgun platforms. Clarity on these points is essential for informed decision-making and safe firearm modification.
Question 1: Can barrels be swapped freely between the 500 and 590?
While some barrels might fit both platforms, assuming universal compatibility is inaccurate and potentially dangerous. Differences in magazine tube configuration and other design features can create compatibility issues. Verification of specific barrel compatibility with the intended firearm is essential.
Question 2: Are magazine tubes interchangeable?
Magazine tubes often differ significantly between the 500 and 590. The 500 typically features a removable tube, while the 590 often uses a fixed tube. These differences impact barrel compatibility and overall functionality, generally precluding direct interchangeability.
Question 3: Can trigger assemblies be easily swapped?
Trigger group compatibility requires careful consideration. Variations in safety mechanism location and internal component dimensions can affect functionality and safety. Consultation with manufacturer documentation or a qualified gunsmith is recommended before attempting trigger group swaps.
Question 4: Are safety mechanisms universally compatible?
Safety mechanisms are not universally compatible between the 500 and 590. Differences in location (top-tang versus trigger guard) and internal design can lead to malfunctions or render the safety ineffective if incorrect parts are used.
Question 5: Are stocks and forends always interchangeable?
Stocks and forends exhibit varying degrees of compatibility. While some may interchange directly, others may require modifications or be entirely incompatible due to differences in receiver dimensions and mounting interfaces. Careful research is necessary before attempting swaps.
Question 6: What are the risks of using incompatible parts?
Using incompatible parts can lead to malfunctions, reduced accuracy, and potentially dangerous situations, including accidental discharges. Prioritizing safety and consulting reliable sources before modifying a firearm is paramount.
Understanding these key compatibility factors is crucial for responsible firearm modification. Consulting manufacturer documentation or a qualified gunsmith is always recommended before attempting any part swaps to ensure safe and reliable firearm operation.
For further information, consult the detailed sections on individual component compatibility within this resource.
Tips for Assessing Mossberg 500 and 590 Parts Compatibility
Careful consideration is required when determining parts interchangeability between Mossberg 500 and 590 shotguns. These tips offer guidance for safe and informed decision-making.
Tip 1: Consult Manufacturer Documentation: Begin by reviewing official documentation from Mossberg. This provides essential information regarding model-specific specifications and recommended parts.
Tip 2: Verify Part Numbers: Precise part numbers offer crucial insights into compatibility. Matching part numbers across models often indicates interchangeability, while differing numbers suggest potential incompatibility.
Tip 3: Examine Physical Dimensions: Careful physical examination of components can reveal potential compatibility issues. Even seemingly minor dimensional differences can affect functionality and safety.
Tip 4: Seek Expert Advice: Consulting a qualified gunsmith is highly recommended, especially when dealing with complex components like trigger assemblies or safety mechanisms. Expert guidance ensures safe and reliable modifications.
Tip 5: Test Fit Components Carefully: Before fully assembling swapped components, conduct a careful test fit. This helps identify potential fitment issues or binding points before permanent installation.
Tip 6: Prioritize Safety: Always prioritize safety when modifying firearms. Any uncertainty regarding compatibility warrants seeking professional advice. Rushing modifications can lead to dangerous malfunctions.
Tip 7: Document Modifications: Maintaining a detailed record of any modifications, including specific part numbers and sources, is beneficial for future reference and potential troubleshooting.
Tip 8: Understand Warranty Implications: Modifying a firearm can impact warranty coverage. Review warranty terms before making any modifications to understand potential implications.
Adhering to these tips promotes informed decision-making and mitigates risks associated with parts interchangeability. Careful consideration and a safety-first approach are paramount for responsible firearm ownership and modification.
This guidance supports informed decisions regarding component compatibility between these popular shotgun platforms. The following section will provide a concise conclusion to this exploration.
Final Assessment
Careful examination of the Mossberg 500 and 590 platforms reveals that while they share a common lineage, assuming complete parts interchangeability is a misconception. While some components, such as certain barrels and furniture, may interchange directly, others, including magazine tubes, trigger assemblies, and safety mechanisms, exhibit critical differences that can impact functionality, reliability, and safety. Variations in design, dimensions, and internal mechanisms necessitate a cautious and informed approach to component swaps.
Understanding the nuances of compatibility between these platforms is essential for responsible firearm ownership and modification. Prioritizing safety, consulting manufacturer documentation, seeking expert advice when needed, and meticulously verifying part compatibility are crucial steps for ensuring reliable and safe firearm operation. Disregarding these considerations can lead to malfunctions, compromised performance, and potentially dangerous outcomes. Continued research and a commitment to informed decision-making remain vital for navigating the complexities of parts interchangeability between the Mossberg 500 and 590.